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胚胎干细胞(ESC)在发育过程中分化为内胚层、中胚层和外胚层3个胚层.其中内胚层进一步向终末细胞的分化,是形成整个消化道和呼吸道,以及肝脏、胰腺等器官的基础.ESC形成内胚层主要经历以下几个分化阶段:外胚叶的分化、原条的形成、内胚层与中胚层的分离以及定型内胚层的形成.本文主要从信号通路、转录因子以及表观遗传调控等几个方面综述胚胎干细胞向内胚层分化的分子机制,并重点介绍其组学研究进展,以期为该领域研究者提供重要参考信息.
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) differentiate into three germ layers of endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm during their development, in which endoderm further differentiate into terminal cells and form the basis of the entire digestive and respiratory tract as well as organs such as liver and pancreas The formation of endoderm in ESCs mainly undergoes the following stages of differentiation: the differentiation of ectoderm, the formation of streaks, the separation of endoderm and mesoderm, and the formation of definitive endoderm.In this paper, we mainly analyze the signaling pathways, transcription factors and epigenetic processes Regulation and other aspects of embryonic stem cells to endodermal differentiation in several aspects of the molecular mechanism, and focuses on the progress of its omics research, with a view to providing researchers with important reference information.