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武士道是有代表性的日本传统文化之一,其以特殊的生死观令人瞩目。作为“复合型意识形态”而存在的武士道一直是“日本道德的最高形式”。从其诞生时起就与日本的民族性格融为一体,至今仍影响着日本社会生活的方方面面。武士道的生死观是武士道世界观的集中体现。非理性的“求死”和理性的“求生”构成了武士道生死观的矛盾体。二者既是出世与入世的对立统一,也是“释”与“儒”的对立统一。在批判与摈弃武士道思想中非理性因子的同时,也应当了解其积极理性的一面。
Bushido is one of the representative Japanese traditional culture, which draws attention with a special view of life and death. The Bushido that exists as a “complex ideology” has always been “the highest form of Japanese morality.” Since its inception, it has integrated with Japan’s national character and still affects all aspects of Japanese social life to this day. Bushido’s view of life and death is a concentrated embodiment of Samurai’s world view. Irrational “death” and “rational” “survival” constitutes the contradiction of Samurai’s concept of life and death. The two are not only the unity of opposites between their birth and their accession to the WTO, but also the unity of opposites between “release ” and “Confucianism ”. While criticizing and rejecting the irrational factors in the thought of bushido, we should also understand its positive and rational side.