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现在,几乎所有的农作物都在播种同时施以适量的化学肥料作为口肥。口肥在种床上的分布均匀程度对种子出苗率、苗期长势以及最终的产量、质量等均产生很大影响。国内目前常用的化学肥料,从几何形状大致可分为粉末状、小颗粒和自制颗粒等三类。而国内外普遍采用的排肥机构有,水平星轮、双向搅龙、密配或松套的螺旋式、槽轮、双滚轮式以及转盘和刮肥器式、单振动式等。这些机构对小颗粒肥料均能做到满意的排施,但是在肥料的粘度增加、流动性差或压实性能不佳时,几乎所有机构都难于正常工作。比如,上述前两种机构在排施硝铵或过磷酸钙时,均需要专人不断搅动排肥口周围肥料,以消除架空才能勉强作业,很难谈得上精量施肥。
Almost all of the crops are now sown with the right amount of chemical fertilizer as a mouthfeel. The uniformity of the distribution of mouthfeel on the seedbed has a great impact on seed germination rate, seedling growth, final yield and quality. At present, chemical fertilizers commonly used in China can be roughly classified into three types: powder, small particles and self-made particles. At home and abroad commonly used fertilizer organizations, horizontal star wheel, two-way auger, with matching or loose sets of spiral, sheave, double-wheel and turntable and scraper type, single vibration and so on. While these facilities provide a satisfactory level of performance for small-grained fertilizers, almost all establishments are struggling to work properly when the viscosity of the fertilizer is increased, the flowability is poor or the compaction performance is poor. For example, the first two kinds of institutions in the row of ammonium nitrate or superphosphate, all need someone to stir around the fertilizer around the mouth of the fertilizer, in order to eliminate overhead can barely work, it is difficult to talk about the amount of fertilization.