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复句形式(又叫复句结构)作句子成分,在语言实践里经常碰到。它对句子(特别是多重复句)的层次结构影响甚大。有些复杂单句和多重复句分析的错误,就是由于没有搞清这一点。这种错误,不但出现在中学生的作业中,有时还出现在语文试题甚至语法著作中。这是复杂单句和多重复句分析的难点之一。下边结合几个例句的分析谈点粗浅的看法。复句形式作句子成分,往往容易把复句形式看作几个分句,从而把复杂单句误认为多重复句。前几年某市一套初三语文统考试题中,有这样一道多重复句分析题: 片面地强调读书,而不关心政治,或者片面地强调政治,而不努力读书,都是极端错误的。很显然,拟题人认定这句话是由五个分句组成的多重复句。诚然,这个句子有五个动词短语,如果单从形式上孤立地看,似乎有五个分句。但只要从意念关系和结构关系上全面考察,就会发现:前边四个动词短语是四个分句,构成选择关系又包含
The complex sentence form (also called complex sentence structure) is a sentence component and often encountered in language practice. It has a great influence on the hierarchy of sentences (especially multi-repeat sentences). Some errors in the analysis of complex single sentences and multiple repeat sentences are due to failure to understand this point. This kind of error not only appears in the middle school students’ work, but sometimes it also appears in language tests and even grammar writings. This is one of the difficulties in the analysis of complex single sentences and multiple repeated sentences. The following part of the analysis of several example sentences to talk about superficial views. As a sentence component in the complex sentence form, it is often easy to treat the complex sentence form as several clauses, thereby mistaking the complex single sentence as a redundant sentence. In previous years, in a set of junior high school language test questions in a certain city, there was such a multi-duplicate sentence analysis question: One-sided emphasis on reading, not political, or one-sided emphasis on politics, not studying hard, is extremely wrong. Obviously, the person preparing the question assumes that this sentence is a multi-repeated sentence consisting of five clauses. Admittedly, this sentence has five verb phrases. If you look at it from a standalone form, it seems that there are five clauses. However, as long as we examine all aspects of the relationship of ideas and structure, we will find that the first four verb phrases are four clauses.