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在吉林西部地区,以超级稻品种吉梗88为试验材料,在相同施氮量的条件下,研究不同氮肥运筹对水稻的分蘖数、产量以及氮效率的影响。结果表明:基蘖肥与穗肥的比例为5∶3∶2的处理4产量最高,增产幅度最大,氮肥不同运筹方式可显著地提高水稻产量,其中一个原因是氮肥运筹增加了单位面积有效穗数和各个生育期的地上部干物重。与不施氮肥相比,氮肥可显著地提高水稻分蘖数。重视基肥,适当减少蘖肥,适当增加穗肥的比例,本试验条件下处理4(50%基肥、30%分蘖肥、20%穗肥)是兼顾产量和环境的最佳氮肥运筹方式。
In the western region of Jilin, the effects of different N application strategies on tiller number, yield and nitrogen efficiency of rice were studied under the same nitrogen application rate using the rice variety Yiji 88 as test material. The results showed that the yield of treatment 4 with the ratio of base tiller fertilizer to panicle fertilizer of 5: 3: 2 was the highest and the yield was maximized. The different operation modes of nitrogen fertilizer could significantly increase the yield of rice. One of the reasons was that nitrogen fertilizer increased the effective panicle per unit area Number and dry weight of above-ground part of each growth period. Compared with no nitrogen fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer can significantly increase the tillering number of rice. The emphasis was on basal fertilizer, and tillering fertilizer was appropriately reduced, and the proportion of panicle fertilizer was appropriately increased. Under the experimental conditions, treatment 4 (50% basal fertilizer, 30% tillering fertilizer, 20% panicle fertilizer) was the best nitrogen fertilizer operation mode that took into account yield and environment.