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磷化铝(AIP)为银灰色方形晶体,由磷和铝直接在高温下反应而成。磷化铝吸收空气中的水蒸气反应而成有高度杀虫作用的气体磷化氢(PH_3)。最早生产商品磷化铝熏蒸剂的厂家为德国防虫公司(Degesch-Deutsch Gesellschaft fur Schadlings bekampfung M. B. H.)。商品磷化铝熏蒸剂是以粉状磷化铝与氨基甲酸铵(NH_2COONH_4)混合而压制成片状,直径20毫米,厚5毫米,呈黄褐色。每片重3克,磷化铝占52％,吸收水蒸气后可产生磷化氢气1克。磷化铝片剂,必须密闭贮藏。氨基甲酸铵起稳定作用,能防止自燃并减缓药剂的反应速度,反应式如下:
Aluminum phosphide (AIP) is a silver-gray square crystal made of phosphorus and aluminum reacted directly at high temperatures. Aluminum phosphide absorbs the water vapor in the air to react to form a highly phosphine-containing gas phosphine (PH 3). The earliest producer of phospholipid fumigants was Degesch-Deutsch Gesellschaft fur Schadlings bekampfung M. B. H. Commodity phosphine fumigation agent is pulverized aluminum phosphide and ammonium carbamate (NH_2COONH_4) mixed into a compressed sheet, a diameter of 20 mm, 5 mm thick, was brown. Each piece weighs 3 grams, 52% of aluminum phosphide, after absorbing water vapor can produce 1 g of phosphine gas. Aluminum phosphide tablets, must be closed storage. Ammonium carbamate plays a stabilizing role in preventing spontaneous combustion and slowing down the rate at which the agent reacts, as follows: