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二尖瓣反流(mitral regurgitation，MR)是最常见的心脏瓣膜疾病，超声心动图是目前诊断和评价MR最重要的影像学方法之一，本文对二尖瓣解剖结构及MR的超声心动图评价详细阐述，以便为MR介入治疗术前评估和筛选以及手术策略制定提供更全面的依据。“,”Mitral regurgitation(MR) is the most common heart valvular disease.Echocardiography is currently the most important imaging modality for diagnosis and evaluation of MR. The anatomical structure of mitral valve and the evaluation of MR are described in more detail by echocardiography, which provides a comprehensive basis for preoperative evaluation, screening and surgical strategy of MR interventional therapy.