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目的分析2012年上海市闵行区浦江镇各类监测疾病与年龄、性别、高血压、糖尿病、吸烟、饮酒、肥胖、家族史等危险因素的关系,研究家庭医生制慢性病防治模式对预防控制相关心脑血管并发症发病率的效果。方法监测病种包括脑血管疾病、急性心肌梗死和冠心病。收集浦江镇监测病种的发病率、死亡率资料,与上海市同期数据做出比较,对危险因素调查情况做出统计学分析。结果 2012年浦江镇监测病种发病率与死亡率均低于上海市平均水平,其中急性心肌梗死发病率、死亡率与冠心病死亡率远低于上海市平均水平,分别为14.7/10万、9.2/10万、38.5/10万,同时随着年龄增长,心脑血管疾病发病或死亡数量随之增加,80岁以上居民占30%以上,其中卒中未分型(脑中风)、冠心病死亡人群中80岁以上患者占60%以上。危险因素分析结果显示,高血压是各项心脑血管疾病主要的危险因素,发病或死亡的患者中有高血压史的患者占40%以上,其中脑梗死、脑卒中发病或死亡患者中同时患有高血压的占80%以上,患糖尿病和心脑血管病家族史也是各项心脑血管疾病的主要危险因素。结论全面覆盖、分片负责的闵行区家庭医生制慢性病防治模式效果显著,值得推广。
Objective To analyze the relationship between various types of surveillance diseases and the risk factors such as age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, family history and other diseases in Pujiang Town, Minhang District in 2012. To study the relationship between the prevention and control of chronic diseases and family doctor The incidence of cerebrovascular complications. Methods to monitor diseases including cerebrovascular disease, acute myocardial infarction and coronary heart disease. The data of incidence and mortality of diseases monitored in Pujiang Town were collected and compared with the data of Shanghai City in the same period of time to make statistical analysis on the investigation of risk factors. Results In 2012, the incidence of morbidity and mortality of Pujiang Town was lower than the average level of Shanghai. The incidence of acute myocardial infarction, mortality and coronary heart disease mortality were much lower than the average of Shanghai, which were 14.7 / 100 000, 9.2 / 100000, 38.5 / 100000. At the same time, with the increase of age, the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases or the number of deaths increased. More than 30% of residents over the age of 80, including stroke without stroke (stroke), coronary heart disease death People over the age of 80 in the population accounted for more than 60%. Risk factors analysis showed that hypertension is the major risk factor for all cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. More than 40% of the patients with the history of hypertension or morbidity or mortality were found in patients with cerebral infarction, stroke or death Have high blood pressure accounted for more than 80%, suffering from diabetes and cardiovascular disease family history is also a major risk factor for various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Conclusion The family doctor in Minhang District, which has overall coverage and is responsible for the prevention and control of chronic diseases, has achieved remarkable results and is worthy of promotion.