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为了开发石油代用能源,许多国家正在研究在四冲程内燃机上燃烧甲醇和甲醇-汽油混合燃料的问题。本文对二冲程汽油机以煤制甲醇作燃料时的功率、燃料消耗率、燃烧稀薄混合气的能力和排放特性进行了试验研究。二冲程汽油机改烧甲醇后,功率和热效率都有提高,尤其是提高压缩比后,最大功率和热效率都可提高近1/3。在排气成分方面,与燃烧汽油时相比,排气中NO_x和CO含量都有所下降。但是,由于扫气过程中有一部分甲醇未经燃烧而直接排出,以致排气中甲醇和甲醛含量都大大增加。经初步使用钯催化剂进行催化反应后,排气申甲醇和甲醛排放量可降低到燃烧汽油时的水平。
In order to develop alternative energy sources for petroleum, many countries are studying the problem of burning methanol and methanol-gasoline blends on four-stroke internal combustion engines. The paper studies the power, fuel consumption rate, the ability to burn lean mixture and the emission characteristics of two-stroke gasoline engine when using methanol as fuel. Two-stroke gasoline engine to methanol, the power and thermal efficiency have improved, especially to improve the compression ratio, the maximum power and thermal efficiency can be increased by nearly 1/3. In terms of exhaust composition, NO_x and CO contents in the exhaust gas decreased compared with when burning gasoline. However, due to the fact that some of the methanol in the scavenging process is directly discharged without combustion, the content of methanol and formaldehyde in the exhaust gas greatly increases. After the initial use of palladium catalyst for catalytic reaction, exhaust methanol and formaldehyde emissions can be reduced to the level of combustion of gasoline.