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Rb基因是一种抗癌基因,其产物Rb蛋白与细胞转化、细胞周期调节及转录调控有密切关系。许多肿瘤如视网膜母细胞瘤、乳腺癌、小细胞肺癌、前列腺癌、膀胱癌、骨肉瘤、软组织肉瘤等,都与Rb基因的失活或缺失有关。胃癌是消化道常见多发肿瘤,研究表明,其发生发展与多种癌基因的活化、抗癌基因的异常有关。我们用Southern印迹杂交法,以Rb基因为探针,检测了九例胃癌患者的癌组织和一个胃癌细胞株,发现它们与正常人血相比Rb基因全部呈现异常。其中5例发生Rb基因部分缺失,3例及人胃腺癌细胞株BGC-823全部缺失。这表明在胃癌发生过程中Rb基因的丢失是一个重要环节。我们相信用更灵敏的多聚酶链式反应(PCR)技术检测胃脱落细胞,对患癌危险性的早期预报会有很大帮助。同对,本实验也对肿瘤的基因治疗研究提供了靶细胞。
Rb gene is an anti-cancer gene, and its product Rb protein is closely related to cell transformation, cell cycle regulation and transcription regulation. Many tumors such as retinoblastoma, breast cancer, small cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, osteosarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma and so on, all with the Rb gene inactivation or deletion related. Gastric cancer is a common gastrointestinal cancer, studies have shown that the occurrence and development of a variety of oncogene activation, anti-cancer gene abnormalities. We used Southern blot hybridization to detect Rb gene as a probe, detected nine cases of gastric cancer patients and a gastric cancer cell line and found that they Rb gene abnormalities compared with normal human blood. In 5 cases, partial deletion of Rb gene was found, and 3 cases of human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line BGC-823 were completely deleted. This indicates that the loss of Rb gene during gastric carcinogenesis is an important link. We believe that the detection of gastric exfoliated cells with a more sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) will be of great help in the early prediction of cancer risk. In the same way, this experiment also provides target cells for gene therapy of tumors.