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目的调查北京市房山区常住人口脊髓灰质炎病毒抗体水平。方法用容量比例概率抽样法(probability proportion to size,pps)在房山区随机选取10个村居委会,在当地连续居住6个月以上的10个年龄组人群作为研究对象,共260人。采用调查问卷收集研究对象人口学特征、脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗(OPV)免疫史等信息,并采集静脉血5 ml,使用微量中和试验方法检测脊髓灰质炎病毒中和抗体。对不同组别间抗体阳性率和几何平均滴度(geometric mean titer,GMT)进行比较。结果脊髓灰质炎病毒Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型抗体阳性率分别为99.62%(259/260)、97.31%(253/260)、97.69%(254/260),抗体GMT分别为1∶50.58、1∶53.21、1∶37.26。<15岁人群Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型抗体阳性率均为100%,均高于≥15岁人群。<15岁人群Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型抗体GMT远高于≥15岁人群,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型抗体GMT在平原地区人群中最高,在山区最低,地区间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同免疫史人群三型抗体GMT差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 2012年北京市房山区健康人群脊髓灰质炎病毒抗体水平处于较高水平,特别是15岁以下免疫覆盖人群,建立了稳固的免疫屏障,可有效阻断输入性脊髓灰质炎野病毒及疫苗衍生病毒的传播。
Objective To investigate the level of poliovirus antibody in resident population in Fangshan District, Beijing. Methods The probability proportion to size (PPS) method was used to randomly select 10 village committees in Fangshan District and 260 people in 10 age groups who lived continuously for more than 6 months in Fangshan District. The questionnaires were used to collect demographic characteristics, immunization history of live attenuated poliomyelitis (OPV) and other information. 5 ml of venous blood was collected and the neutralizing antibodies of poliovirus were detected by micro-neutralization test. The antibody positive rates and geometric mean titer (GMT) between different groups were compared. Results The positive rates of type Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ antibodies of poliovirus were 99.62% (259/260), 97.31% (253/260) and 97.69% (254/260), respectively. The antibody GMTs were 1:50.58 and 1: 53.21,1:37.26. The positive rates of type I, type II and type III antibodies in the population of <15 years old were all 100% higher than those of ≥15 years old. GMTs of type I, II and III antibodies in 15-year-olds were significantly higher than those of 15-year-olds (P <0.01). The GMTs of type I, II and III antibodies were the highest in the plain area, the lowest in the mountain area, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). There were significant differences in the GMT of three types of antibodies between different immunization history groups (P <0.01). Conclusion In 2012, the antibody levels of poliovirus of healthy population in Fangshan District of Beijing were at a high level, especially in immunized people under 15 years of age, establishing a solid immune barrier that could effectively block the importation of wild poliovirus and vaccine-derived The spread of the virus.