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为了改良水稻两用核不育系C815S的稻瘟病抗性，本研究以75-1-127(Pi9)、谷梅2号(Pi25)、谷梅4号(Pigm)、天津野生稻(Pi2-1和Pi51(t))、湘资3150(Pi47和Pi48)和魔王谷(Pi49)共6个广谱抗稻瘟病水稻品种为供体亲本，通过分子标记辅助选择育种技术，将稻瘟病抗性基因回交导入C815S。结果表明：改良的6个BC3F1群体除每穗粒数较轮回亲本极显著增加外，其他性状均与轮回亲本保持一致。利用稻瘟病菌株110-2和CHL506对BC3F2改良株系接种鉴定，发现导入了抗病基因的单株抗性增强，表明抗病基因已成功导入到受体亲本中并稳定表达，证实本研究中分子标记辅助选择抗稻瘟病基因是有效的。改良的系列两用核不育系，一方面可用于配制稻瘟病抗性增强的两系法杂交稻新组合，另一方面为进一步培育聚合多个抗稻瘟病基因的不育系提供了材料基础。“,”In or der to improve the resistance to rice blast of the dual-purpose genic sterile rice cultivar, C815S, eight broad-spectrum resistance genes including Pi9, Pi25, Pigm, Pi2-1, Pi51(t), Pi47, Pi48 and Pi49, which were harbored in the six donor parents of 75-1-127, GuMei 2 (GM2), GuMei 4 (GM4), Tianjinyeshengdao (TY), Xian-gZi 3150 (XZ3150) and Mowanggu (MWG), respectively, were introgressed into C815S by successive backcross three times and molecular marker assisted selection technology. The major agronomical traits, which includes duration of seeding-heading (DSH), plant height (PH), panicle length (PL), flag leaf length (FLL), flag leaf width (FLW), productive panicles (PP) and grains per panicle (GPP), were investigated. The results showed that there were no significant difference between the BC3F1 plants and the recurrent parents for all the traits except that the GPP of six improved BC3F1 were significantly larger than that of C815S. The resistant ability of the BC3F2 population were identificated by inoculating with the rice blast strains 110-2 and CHL506. The results showed that the plants, which the resistant gene linked marker genotype showed positive, exhibited enhanced resistance compared with the recurrent parent. It is validated that the DNA markers were effective in marker-assisted selection for improving rice blast resistance of the dual-purpose genic sterile rice. A series of improved dual purpose genic male sterile lines, on the one hand, could be used to develop two-line hybrid rice combinations with enhanced rice blast resistance, on the other hand, it provides the basic materials for further male sterile lines breeding of pyramiding multiple rice blast resistance genes.