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目的分析金华市2007-2012年流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)流行病学特征,为控制乙脑提供科学依据。方法利用乙脑专病报告系统数据,运用描述流行病学方法分析2007-2012年金华市乙脑发病流行病学特征。结果2007-2012年全市共报告乙脑病例33例,死亡1例,平均发病率为0.11/10万;病例主要集中在义乌、东阳和永康市;<15岁儿童发病32例,占总病例数的96.97%;外省流动人口占总病例数的72.73%;时间集中发生在7、8月;84.85%的患者无明确免疫史,媒介监测绝对优势蚊种为淡色库蚊,占63.73%。结论近6年金华市乙脑病例以外省无乙脑疫苗免疫史的流动儿童为主,因此提高流动儿童的乙脑疫苗接种率,加强对流动人口的自我防护教育是控制乙脑疫情的有效手段,同时应开展媒介蚊虫和宿主动物的监测。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis (JE) from 2007 to 2012 in Jinhua City and provide a scientific basis for controlling JE. Methods Epidemiological characteristics of JE virus in Jinhua City during 2007-2012 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method using the data of JE disease reporting system. Results A total of 33 JE cases were reported in the city from 2007 to 2012, with an average of 0.11 / 100 000 deaths. The cases mainly concentrated in Yiwu, Dongyang and Yongkang. 32 cases of children <15 years old, accounting for the total number of cases Accounting for 72.73% of the total number of cases; the time was concentrated in July and August; 84.85% of the patients had no definite immunization history and the dominant species of vector surveillance was Culex pipiens pallens, accounting for 63.73%. Conclusions In the past 6 years, cases of JE in Jinhua City were dominated by migrant children without any history of immunization against Japanese encephalitis. Therefore, it is an effective measure to control the epidemic situation of Japanese encephalitis by increasing the rate of Japanese encephalitis vaccination among migrant children and strengthening self-protection education for floating population , While surveillance of vector mosquitoes and host animals should be carried out.