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目的了解咸阳市高三学生奶类相关营养知识、态度及饮奶行为情况,为进一步开展营养教育提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样,对咸阳市4所高中共33个班级的1 800名高三学生进行奶类相关营养知识、态度及饮奶行为问卷调查。结果全体学生奶类相关营养知识、态度及饮奶行为总分平均为(14.02±0.05)分,女生(14.75±0.06)高于男生(13.30±0.07),差异有统计学意义(t=14.998,P<0.01)。奶类相关营养知识正确回答率为64.4%,女生(65.6%)高于男生(63.1%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.600,P<0.01)。88.6%的学生对奶类相关营养知识感兴趣,67.7%的学生愿意参加奶类相关营养知识的宣教活动,38.8%的学生愿意改变不良饮奶习惯。饮奶行为正确率为43.5%,女生(50.2%)高于男生(36.5%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=171.818,P<0.01)。所调查学生奶类相关营养知识、态度及饮奶行为之间呈正相关(r值分别为0.117,0.063,0.130,P值均<0.05)。结论咸阳市高三学生对奶类相关营养知识有一定了解,但不够全面,营养态度普遍较好,饮奶行为正确率较低。应采取一系列措施加强对学生的营养教育。
Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude and behavior of milk-related nutrition in senior high school students in Xianyang city and to provide scientific basis for further carrying out nutrition education. Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to investigate the knowledge, attitude and behavior of milk-related nutrition among 1 800 high school students in 33 classes in 4 high schools in Xianyang City. Results The average score of milk-related nutritional knowledge, attitude and drinking behavior of all the students was (14.02 ± 0.05) points, while that of girls (14.75 ± 0.06) was significantly higher than that of boys (13.30 ± 0.07) (t = 14.998, P <0.01). The correct answer rate of milk-related nutritional knowledge was 64.4%, while female students (65.6%) were higher than male students (63.1%). The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 14.600, P <0.01). 88.6% of the students are interested in the knowledge of milk-related nutrition, 67.7% of the students are willing to participate in the education of milk-related nutritional knowledge, and 38.8% of the students are willing to change the bad habit of drinking milk. The correct rate of drinking milk was 43.5%, while that of girls (50.2%) was higher than that of boys (36.5%). The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 171.818, P <0.01). There was a positive correlation between the nutritional knowledge, attitude and milk drinking behaviors of the investigated students (r = 0.117,0.063,0.130, P <0.05). Conclusion The senior high school students in Xianyang City have some knowledge about the nutrition knowledge about milk, but they are not comprehensive enough, their nutritional attitude is generally better, and the correct rate of drinking milk is lower. A series of measures should be taken to strengthen nutrition education for students.