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地质勘探及深井等工程施工是利用钻头切削刃切削岩石。随着钻进，切削刃磨损，钻进效率下降以及切削刃达到寿命时，必须提钻检查切削刃或更换钻头。这种提下钻检查更换钻头的辅助时间与深度成正比，即孔愈深，所占时间愈多。又由于岩性不同，有时一个钻头进尺很少，即告报废。基于上述原因，最好钻头能有在孔底更换切削刃的机构，绳索取心一类小口径钻头极难满足此种要求，其他方面虽有类似产品正在向实用化方向发展，但从结构上讲，目前还没有完美无缺的产品。
Geological exploration and deep well construction is the use of bit cutting edge cutting rock. As drilling progresses, the cutting edge wears off, the drilling efficiency drops, and the cutting edge reaches its end of life, the cutting edge must be drilled or the bit replaced. This drill to check the drill bit replacement time and depth is proportional to the deeper the hole, the more time. And because of different lithology, and sometimes a small bit into the drill, that scrapped. For the above reasons, it is preferable that the drill bit has a mechanism for exchanging the cutting edge at the bottom of the hole. It is extremely difficult for a small-diameter drill bit to coring a rope to satisfy such requirement. In other respects, although similar products are being put into practical use, Say, there is no perfect product yet.