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以“绿都菌剂1号”为试材,设基质处理、灌根、叶面喷施3种施肥方法,研究了生物菌剂对西瓜生长及产量的影响。结果表明:基质处理后,基质的速效氮、磷、钾含量明显高于定植前基质速效氮、磷、钾含量,采用灌根施肥,植株的茎粗、株高、叶片数、叶绿素含量均高于基质处理和叶面喷施,叶面喷施单果重、可溶性固形物明显高于基质处理和灌根,且果实的纵横径高于基质处理和灌根。采用3种施肥方法,植株地上部分、地下部分干鲜重差异显著,叶面喷施单株产量、小区产量、折合667m2产量均高于基质处理和灌根,单株产量比基质处理和灌根产量增幅15.1%、10.3%,小区产量比基质处理和灌根产量增幅15.1%、9.4%,折合667m2产量增幅15.8%、10.35%。从肥效试验结果来看,该生物菌剂在实际生产中值得推广,但今后还需继续进一步进行试验示范,以为农业生产上大面积应用提供可靠依据。
With “green plant fungus No. 1” as test material, three kinds of fertilization methods such as substrate treatment, irrigation and root application were established to study the effects of biological agents on the growth and yield of watermelon. The results showed that the contents of available N, P and K in the substrate were significantly higher than those in the pre-plantation, and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the substrate were significantly higher than those in the control In substrate treatment and foliar application, foliar spraying single fruit weight, soluble solids was significantly higher than the substrate treatment and irrigation, and the fruit vertical and horizontal diameter was higher than the substrate treatment and irrigation. The results showed that there were significant differences in dry weight and fresh weight between the aboveground and underground parts with 3 kinds of fertilization methods. The single plant yield and the yield of the plot under the foliar application were 667m2 higher than that of the basal treatment and irrigated root. Output increased by 15.1% and 10.3% respectively. The yield of plots increased by 15.1% and 9.4% respectively compared with that of substrate treatment and rooting. The yield of 667m2 increased by 15.8% and 10.35% respectively. From the fertilizer efficiency test results, the biological agents worth promoting in actual production, but in the future still need to continue to carry out experimental demonstration, in order to provide a reliable basis for large-scale application of agricultural production.