论文部分内容阅读
目的了解广州市青少年的主要健康相关行为,为青少年健康教育工作及制定干预措施提供依据。方法采取整群随机分层抽样法,抽取广州市越秀区2所初中、3所高中和1所大学校共1 139名学生,对饮食、运动与吸烟饮酒情况进行问卷调查。结果广州市青少年健康危险行为主要有缺乏体育锻炼、喝酒、吸烟。初中生喝饮料、吃西式快餐、喝牛奶、吃早餐比例分别为26.7%、9.8%、54.9%、81.6%,高中生分别为18.0%、4.9%、41.2%、91.3%,均高于大学生(8.0%、3.4%、18.8%、64.2%);男生(7.1%)吃西式快餐比例高于女生(4.6%),而男生(75.0%)吃早餐比例低于女生(85.9%)。随着年龄的增大,1周内青少年每天活动至少1 h的天数相对减少;男生每周活动时间比女生长。结论缺乏体育锻炼、吸烟和喝酒普遍存在于广州市青少年当中,有必要采取干预措施,广泛开展各种健康促进活动。
Objective To understand the major health-related behaviors of adolescents in Guangzhou and provide the basis for adolescent health education and interventions. Methods A total of 1 139 students from 2 junior high schools, 3 high schools and 1 large school in Yuexiu District of Guangzhou were enrolled in the randomized stratified cluster sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey on diet, exercise and smoking and drinking. Results The main risk behaviors of adolescents in Guangzhou were lack of physical exercise, drinking and smoking. Junior high school students drink beverages, eat Western fast food, drink milk and eat breakfast, respectively, the proportion of 26.7%, 9.8%, 54.9%, 81.6%, high school students were 18.0%, 4.9%, 41.2%, 91.3% 8.0%, 3.4%, 18.8% and 64.2% respectively). The proportion of boys (7.1%) eating western fast food was higher than that of girls (4.6%) while the percentage of boys (75.0%) eating breakfast was lower than that of girls (85.9%). With the increase of age, the number of days at least 1 hour of daily activities of adolescents in one week is relatively reduced; the activity of boys is longer than that of women in weekly activities. Conclusion Lack of physical exercise, smoking and drinking are common among adolescents in Guangzhou City. It is necessary to take interventions and carry out a wide range of health promotion activities.