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目的分析周口市2005—2012年风疹流行特征与控制措施,为预防控制风疹疫情提供科学依据。方法利用疾病监测信息报告管理系统资料,对周口市2005—2012年风疹病例数据及相关资料进行分析。结果周口市近8 a累计报告风疹病例1 127例,年均报告发病率为1.41/10万,其中2007年发病率最高(4.10/10万),近3 a发病率呈波动性下降趋势,不同年份间报告发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。以3—6月为发病高峰,占发病总数的71.87%;<15岁儿童病例占总病例数的92.90%;发病以学生(占49.96%)为主。结论风疹的易感人群为学龄儿童,应采取预防接种、疫情监测和卫生宣教等综合性防控对策,防止中小学校内疫情暴发。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and control measures of rubella in Zhoukou City from 2005 to 2012 so as to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of the epidemic of rubella. Methods The disease surveillance information reporting management system was used to analyze the data of rubella cases and related data from 2005 to 2012 in Zhoukou City. Results A total of 1 127 cases of rubella were reported in Zhoukou City during the past 8 years, with an average annual incidence of 1.41 / 100 000, of which the highest incidence was 4.10 / 100,000 in 2007 and the incidence of fluctuation was decreasing in the past 3 years. There was a significant difference in the reported incidence between years (P <0.05). The peak incidence in March-June, accounting for 71.87% of the total number of cases; <15-year-old children accounted for 92.90% of the total number of cases; incidence of students (49.96%) dominated. Conclusion The susceptible population of rubella is school-age children. Comprehensive prevention and control measures such as vaccination, epidemic situation monitoring and public health education should be taken to prevent outbreaks in primary and secondary schools.