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妊娠期生理体重增加因素有:胎儿、胎盘及羊水共4.5kg,子宫及乳房1kg,循环血量1.5k g,组织液1.5kg,孕妇体内贮存脂肪2～3kg。于孕初期增加少,孕20～32周时明显增加,孕后期正常限每周增加200～300g。Naeye等指出理想的孕妇体重增加,肥胖型为7.2kg,不胖不瘦型为9.0kg,消瘦型为13.5kg。Abitbol列举孕期体重增加的原因有三:醛固酮分泌亢进致体液潴留;甾体激素和生长激素代谢亢进和组织增大;通过摄食中枢致进食过多使脂肪蓄积。若这些原因出现异常亢进,则向肥胖症或妊高征方向发展。已知肥胖妇女易患妊高征、原发性高血压、妊娠性糖尿病、血栓症、产后大出血等各种产科合并症见表。
Physiological weight gain during pregnancy are: fetus, placenta and amniotic fluid total 4.5kg, uterus and breast 1kg, circulating blood volume 1.5kg, tissue fluid 1.5kg, pregnant women, body fat storage 2 ~ 3kg. In early pregnancy increased less, significantly increased 20 to 32 weeks of pregnancy, the normal limit of pregnancy increased by 200 ~ 300g per week. Naeye pointed out that the ideal pregnant women gain weight, obese type is 7.2kg, not fat not thin type is 9.0kg, weight-loss type is 13.5kg. Abitbol cited three reasons for weight gain during pregnancy: aldosterone secretion caused by fluid retention; steroid hormones and growth hormone metabolism and tissue hypertrophy; eating too much to cause fat accumulation through the feeding center. If these reasons are abnormal hyperthyroidism, then to obesity or PIH development. Known obese women prone to pregnancy-induced hypertension, essential hypertension, gestational diabetes, thrombosis, postpartum hemorrhage and other obstetric complications shown in the table.