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如果不在宽松期内未雨绸缪及时改革,养老金问题可能在2035年后成为政府债务危机的导火索之一伴随着经济发展和社会进步,中国的养老模式已从家庭养老向社会养老转变。这一转变,与世界其他国家一样,首先出现在城镇。而从1984年开始,中国逐步开展了以社会统筹机制为特征的养老保障制度改革。1986年《国营企业实行劳动合同制暂行规定》的颁布,标志着养老保险模式中开始引入个人缴费机制。1991年的国务院第33号文件《关于建立统一的企业职工基本养老保险制度的决定》提出建立三层次的养老金体系:
If we do not take precautions in time for reform in the loose period, the pension problem may become one of the fiery threads of the government debt crisis after 2035. With the economic development and social progress, China’s pension model has shifted from the family pension to the social pension. This change, like all other countries in the world, first appeared in cities and towns. Since 1984, China has gradually implemented the reform of the pension system featuring the social pooling mechanism. The promulgation of the Provisional Regulations on the Implementation of Labor Contract by State-owned Enterprises in 1986 marked the beginning of the introduction of a personal contribution mechanism in the old-age insurance model. The Decision of the State Council No. 33 of 1991 on the Establishment of a Unified System of Basic Endowment Insurance for Workers and Staff in Enterprises sets out the establishment of a three-tier pension system: