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应用天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川8期不同时期测绘的冰川地形图,结合冰川物质平衡的实测资料,研究了1号冰川的面积变化及其对物质平衡计算的影响.结果表明:自1962年以来,1号冰川面积处于持续的退缩状态.到2008年8月为止,1号冰川东、西支已经分别退缩了208.2m和110.5m,同时冰川面积退缩为1.645km2,比1962年的冰川面积减小了0.305km2,即15.6%.结果显示,冰川面积的变化不仅表现在冰川末端退缩引起的面积减小上,而且还表现在表面高程下降引起的不同高度带冰川面积的重新分布上,即冰川的表面形态也发生了较大的变化.当不考虑冰川面积变化时,所计算的物质平衡值可能偏大,即高估了物质平衡的变化.计算结果表明,1988/1989年度—2005/2006年度间,1号冰川面积变化对物质平衡计算影响最大为4.5%,最小为2%,平均为3.5%.总之,冰川面积或表面形态变化不大时,对物质平衡的计算影响较小,反之,则影响较大.
Based on the glacier topography map of 8 periods of Heiyuan Glacier No. 1 in Urumqi, Tianshan, this paper studied the area change of Glacier No. 1 and its effect on material balance calculation with the data of glacial mass balance.The results show that since 1962, As of August 2008, the east and west branches of No. 1 glacier have retreated 208.2m and 110.5m respectively, while the area of glacier retreated to 1.645km2, which is smaller than the glacier area of 1962 0.305km2, or 15.6% .The results show that the change of glacier area is not only reflected in the decrease of area caused by the end of glacier but also in the distribution of glacier area at different heights caused by the drop of surface elevation, that is, glacier The surface morphology also changed greatly.When the change of glacier area was not considered, the calculated material balance value may be too large, which overestimated the material balance change.The calculation results show that in 1988/89 - 2005/2006 Between glacier area change 1 and material balance calculation, the influence of the maximum is 4.5%, the minimum is 2% and the average is 3.5% .In summary, when glacier area or surface morphology changes little, the calculation of mass balance Small, on the contrary, the greater impact.