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目的 了解 2 0 0 1年北京城区 1 3～ 1 4岁在校生喘息及过敏性疾病的患病率并与 1 994年结果进行对比。方法 应用国际间儿童哮喘及其他过敏性疾病的对比研究 (ISAAC)第三阶段方案 ,采用整群抽样问卷调查方式 ,对 1 1所中学的 35 37名在校生进行调查 ,并与 1 994年ISAAC第 1阶段的结果对比。结果 ①喘息情况 :书面问卷调查既往喘息 1 2 .4 % ,近 1 2个月喘息 7.2 % ,各项相应在 1 994年为 9.2 %、5 .1 % ,两年度有显著性差异。②过敏性鼻炎花粉症情况 :2 0 0 1年“既往非感冒时鼻部症状报告率”4 6 .1 % ,“伴眼痒流泪”1 0 .3% ,曾诊断花粉症 7.6 %。较 1 994年的 4 1 .5 %、8.5 %及 6 .0 %升高。③湿疹情况 :2 0 0 1年近 1 2个月里有慢性湿疹症状者为 1 .8% ,痒疹出现在肘部等处者为 1 .2 % ,较 1 994年相应的 2 .3%及 2 .3%有显著下降 ,2 0 0 1年既往有慢性痒疹者为 2 .9%较1 994年的 2 .7%显著升高、曾经诊断过湿疹者为 1 0 .3% ,与 1 994年相比无显著性差异。结论 2 0 0 1年北京地区过敏性疾病 (过敏性鼻炎、季节性花粉症 )较 7年前上升 ,喘息性疾病的患病也呈增加态势
Objective To understand the prevalence of wheezing and allergic diseases among school-age children aged 13 to 14 in Beijing city in 2001 and compare them with the results of 1994. Methods Using the International Phase III Comparison of Children Asthma and Other Allergic Diseases (ISAAC) Phase III program, a cluster sampling questionnaire was used to investigate 35 37 students in 11 secondary schools and to investigate with the 994 ISAAC Phase 1 results contrast. Results ① wheezing situation: a written questionnaire past wheezing of 12.4%, breathing 12.2% in the past 12 months, corresponding to 9.2% in 1994, 5.1% with significant difference in the two years. ② Allergic rhinitis: A case of pollinosis: “Reported rate of nasal symptoms in previous non-influenza cases” was 41.6% in 2001, and 10.3% in patients with itchy and tears, and 7.6% in hay fever cases. Up from 41.5%, 8.5% and 6.0% in 1949. ③ eczema situation: in 2001 nearly 12 months in patients with symptoms of chronic eczema were 1.8%, prurigo in the elbow and other places was 1.2%, compared with 2.3% in 1994, And 2.3% of patients had a significant drop. The prevalence of chronic prurigo in 2001 was 2.9%, significantly higher than that of 2.7% in 1994. The number of patients with previously diagnosed eczema was 10.3% There was no significant difference between 1994 and 1994. Conclusions In 2001, allergic diseases (allergic rhinitis and seasonal hay fever) in Beijing increased compared with those 7 years ago, and the prevalence of wheezing diseases also increased