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目的探讨女性乳腺癌影响因素,为乳腺癌防治提供依据。方法采用病例对照研究方法,于2007年1～12月对黑龙江省哈尔滨市3家三级甲等医院经病理组织学确诊乳腺癌生存病例及同期入院的外伤患者进行调查,采用Logistic回归模型筛选乳腺癌危险因素。结果多因素分析结果表示,流产次数(OR=1.633,95%CI=1.232～4.152)、肿瘤家庭史(OR=3.328,95%CI=1.953～5.549)、体质指数(OR=1.779,95%CI=1.146～5.091)、精神刺激(OR=2.487,95%CI=1.753～4.436)、初潮年龄(OR=0.623,95%CI=0.312～0.884)、母乳喂养时间(OR=0.832,95%CI=0.421～0.998)、生育胎数(OR=0.635,95%CI=0.312～0.972)、水果食用频率(OR=0.532,95%CI=0.318～0.893)为乳腺癌的影响因素。结论流产次数多、有肿瘤家庭史、体质指数高、精神刺激是乳腺癌危险因素;初潮年龄晚、母乳喂养时间长、生育胎数多、水果蔬菜食用频率高对乳腺癌有保护作用。
Objective To investigate the influencing factors of breast cancer in women and provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Methods A case-control study was conducted in January 2007 to December 2007 in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, three third-tier hospitals histopathologically confirmed cases of breast cancer and hospitalized trauma patients were investigated by Logistic regression model screening of breast Cancer risk factors. Results The multivariate analysis showed that the number of miscarriage (OR = 1.633, 95% CI = 1.232-4.15 2), family history of cancer (OR = 3.328, 95% CI 1.953-5.549), body mass index (OR = 2.487, 95% CI = 1.753-4.436), menarche age (OR = 0.623, 95% CI = 0.312-0.884), breastfeeding time (OR = 0.832, 95% CI = (OR = 0.521, 95% CI = 0.318 ~ 0.893) were the influential factors of breast cancer. Conclusions There are many abortions, family history of tumors, high body mass index, and mental stimulation are risk factors of breast cancer. Late menarche, long time of breastfeeding, more births and higher frequency of fruits and vegetables have a protective effect on breast cancer.