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明代中后期,随着商品经济的发达,市民阶层的力量日益增强、影响日益扩大,作为一支新兴的社会力量,其在历史舞台扮演的角色愈来愈重要。吴中才子唐伯虎所生活的江南地区,正是商品经济最为发达、市民阶层力量最为强大的一个地区。当然,唐伯虎是一介文人兼画家,将其归入市民阶层或许并不合适,但他不但出身于小市民家庭,而且自受“科场案”牵累后即决意远离仕途,与所谓的缙绅社会保持着相当距离;唐伯虎的大半生都以卖文鬻画为生,与市民阶层接触较多,因而在他身上体现出鲜明的市民意识和特色。已有学者指出,
In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, with the development of commodity economy, the power of the citizen class is increasing day by day and its influence is expanding day by day. As a new social force, its role in the historical arena is getting more and more important. The talented people in Wuzhong Tang Bohu live in the southern region, it is the most developed commodity economy, the most powerful class of people living in an area. Of course, it may not be appropriate for Tang Bohu to be an entertainer and a painter. However, not only was he born in a small-civic family, he was also determined to stay away from his career after suffering from the “case of a court case.” He was opposed to the so-called gentry society Keeping a considerable distance. For most of his life, Fubon lived for selling paintings and paintings, and had more contacts with the public sectors. Therefore, he embodied distinctive public awareness and characteristics. Some scholars have pointed out,