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目的 :用植物姐妹染色单体交换 (SCE)检测杀虫磺、杀虫双、杀虫环、杀菌剂NF133、吲哚乙酸、久效磷和氧化乐果 7种农药和食用香精、食用色素等 7种食品添加剂量的诱变性 ,并比较其诱变作用是否与对人SCE的诱变作用一致 .方法 :蚕豆、大麦和人外周淋巴细胞姐妹染色单体交换 (SCE)。结果 :发现 7种农药都能强烈地诱导蚕豆、大麦和人外周淋巴细胞的SCE增加 ,而且诱发的SCE随着处理浓度的增加而增加。食品添加剂中香精类和防腐剂苯甲酸钠在不同的浓度下都能显著地诱导人外周淋巴细胞及植物根尖细胞SCE增加 ,而且诱发的SCE随着处理浓度的增加而增加。味精不影响植物和人外周淋巴细胞SCE。两种食用色素虽不影响人外周淋巴细胞SCE ,但能显著地诱导植物根尖细胞SCE增加 ,当把色素先用小鼠肝脏匀浆液处理后 ,就不能再诱导植物根尖细胞SCE增加。农药和食品添加剂对植物和人外周淋巴细胞SCE的诱导作用基本上是一致的。结论 :农药和食用香精类是一类对植物和人DNA较强的诱变剂。植物SCE在检测农药和食品添加剂的诱变作用上与人SCE基本上是相同的 ,且比动物SCE有方便、灵敏、费用低等特点 ,可以作为初步筛选和检测诱变剂和致癌剂的细胞遗传学手段。
OBJECTIVE: To detect seven kinds of insecticide sulfonate, insecticidal double ring, insecticidal ring, fungicide NF133, indole acetic acid, monocrotophos and omethoate, food flavors and food coloring by plant sister chromatid exchange (SCE) Seven kinds of food additives, and compare their mutagenic effects with the mutagenic effects on human SCE.Methods: Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) of Vicia faba, barley and human peripheral lymphocytes. Results: Seven kinds of pesticides were found to strongly induce SCE increase in peripheral blood lymphocytes of Vicia faba, barley and human, respectively, and the induced SCE increased with the increase of treatment concentration. The flavor and preservative sodium benzoate in food additives could significantly induce the increase of SCE in human peripheral lymphocytes and plant root apical cells at different concentrations, and the induced SCE increased with the increase of the concentration. MSG does not affect plant and human peripheral lymphocytes SCE. Although two food colorings did not affect SCE of human peripheral lymphocytes, SCE of plant root tip cells could be significantly increased. When the pigment was first treated with mouse liver homogenate, SCE of plant root tip cells could not be induced any more. Pesticides and food additives on plant and human peripheral lymphocyte SCE induction is basically the same. Conclusion: Pesticides and flavors are a class of mutagens that are highly potent to plant and human DNA. Plant SCE is essentially the same as human SCE in detecting the mutagenic effects of pesticides and food additives and is more convenient, sensitive and less expensive than animal SCE and can be used as a primary screening and detection of mutagens and carcinogens Genetics.