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大学教材是现代高等教育体系中传授各专业学科知识的重要媒介,大学教材既要体现一个学科的专业性、系统性,又须符合教学规律。地球科学是与国内外众多高等教育机构学科专业设置都有关联的重要基础学科群之一。中、美大学地球科学领域内新近出版且具有代表性的四本教材的比较分析结果表明:两国同类教材在编著特点上存在较大的差异。美国教材特点主要表现在专业知识覆盖面广、排版精致、生动及丰富的课外自学引导模式等方面,而国内教材则注重学科知识的系统性介绍。这些差异性的分析或许可为提高国内大学地学教材编著质量和教学水平提供有益的启示。
University textbooks are important mediums for imparting knowledge of various disciplines in the modern higher education system. University textbooks must embody the discipline and specialty of a discipline and conform to the teaching rules. Earth science is one of the most important basic disciplines that is related to the professional setting of disciplines in many higher education institutions at home and abroad. The comparative analysis of four newly published and representative textbooks in the field of geosciences between China and the United States shows that there are great differences in the compilation features of similar texts in both countries. The characteristics of the American teaching materials are mainly reflected in the broad coverage of professional knowledge, exquisite layout, vivid and rich extracurricular self-guided mode, while domestic textbooks focus on the systematic introduction of subject knowledge. The analysis of these differences may provide useful enlightenment for improving the compilation quality and teaching level of the local university textbooks.