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知识青年上山下乡运动是毛泽东时代的历史性产物。它从20世纪50年代兴起,到60年代末达到高潮,于70年代末结束,前后近30年时间。对于它的成因,许多文章从当时的经济、政治局势等层面进行的解析,远不足以说明这场运动的历史地位和毛泽东改造中国社会的壮举。历史地看,这场运动并不是缓解就业等经济压力的被动措施,而是毛泽东依照其知识分子观主动进行的一次改造中国知识分子与社会的波澜壮阔的伟大革命实践。
The youth movement of knowledgeable youth up to the countryside is a historic product of Mao Zedong’s era. It started in the 1950s and culminated in the late 1960s, ending in the late 1970s, nearly 30 years ago. For its causes, the analysis of many articles from the current economic and political situation is far from enough to explain the historical position of this movement and Mao’s transformation into Chinese society. Historically, this movement was not a passive measure to ease the economic pressure such as employment. It was Mao’s great revolutionary practice of reforming Chinese intellectuals and society in accordance with his view of intellectuals.