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本文主要介绍以φ4×4英寸 NaI(Tl)为探测器的4道脉冲甄别器,用以测量和区分包括宇宙射线在内的不同成分的环境天然辐射水平的方法。4道:Disr、Ch1、Ch2、Ch3的甄别阈范围设定为使其能记录的γ射线的能量范围(主要包括天然辐射成分)依次约为0.58MeV—∞(~(40)K、铀、钍系核素的γ射线,宇宙射线)、2.0—4.2MeV(铀系~(214)Bi 中能量为2.2MeV 的γ射线,钍系~(208)Tl 中能量为2.61MeV 的γ射线,少量低能宇宙射线)、>4.2 MeV(除少量低能宇宙射线外的全部宇宙射线)、>12.5MeV(能量较高的宇宙射线)。用此方法在中国辐射防护研究院低本底放射性实验室和地下铁室进行了测量,评价了地下铁室的屏蔽效果。文中还给出了在广州—太原和北京—大阪航线的飞机上的测量结果。
This article mainly introduces a 4-channel pulse discriminator with φ4 × 4 inch NaI (Tl) as the detector to measure and distinguish the natural radiation levels of different components including cosmic rays. Lane 4: Discrimination thresholds for Disr, Ch1, Ch2 and Ch3 are set so that the energy range of gamma rays (mainly including natural radiation components) recorded by them is approximately 0.58 MeV-∞ (~ 40 K) Ray of thorium nuclide, cosmic ray), 2.0-4.2MeV (2.2MeV gamma ray in uranium series ~ (214) Bi), 2.61MeV gamma ray in thorium series (208) Tl, Low energy cosmic rays),> 4.2 MeV (all cosmic rays except a few low energy cosmic rays),> 12.5 MeV (cosmic rays with higher energy). This method was used to measure the low-background radioactive laboratory and the underground room of China Institute of Radiation Protection and evaluated the shielding effectiveness of the underground room. Also given in the article in Guangzhou - Taiyuan and Beijing - Osaka route of the aircraft measurements.