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目的 2005年浙江省3县(宁波市北仑区、嘉兴市嘉善县、绍兴市上虞市)调查结果显示流动儿童建卡率仅58%。浙江省疾病预防控制中心和联合国儿童基金会联合对3县开展干预,为评价干预效果,2010年4月,对3县再次开展调查。方法使用两阶段整群抽样法,每县通过容量比例法抽取30个村或居委,每村随机抽取2个村小组。所抽取村小组内的0～3岁外来儿童全部纳入调查,了解儿童是否建卡以及家长如何获知预防接种服务。调整抽样权重后计算儿童建卡和疫苗接种率及95%可信区间(95%CI)。结果共调查到455名外来儿童,其中448名儿童(98.7%,95%CI:98.4%～98.9%)在调查地建卡。430名儿童(96.4%,95%CI:95.7%～96.9%)在调查地至少接种过一次疫苗。305(77.7%)名儿童家长由于接到通知而带孩子接种疫苗。预防接种通知的主要来源是产科医院(n=165,47%)、外来人口管理办公室(n=53,30%)、村或居委干部(n=70,22%)以及同乡(n=26,7%)。结论加强流动人口摸底调查工作有效促进了3县流动人口预防接种服务可及性。建议3县流动人口的管理模式应推广至全省,并在全国尝试开展干预研究。
Objectives The survey results of 3 counties in Zhejiang Province (Beilun District, Ningbo City, Jiashan County, Jiaxing City, Shangyu City, Shaoxing City in 2005) showed that the rate of establishing children was only 58%. Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention and UNICEF jointly conducted interventions in 3 counties in order to evaluate the effect of the intervention. In April 2010, the survey was conducted again in 3 counties. Methods A two-stage cluster sampling method was used. Each county selected 30 villages or neighborhood committees by the volume proportion method, and each village randomly selected 2 village groups. All the 0-3-year-old foreign children in the village group were included in the survey to find out whether the children built the card or not and how the parents learned about the vaccination services. Children’s construction and vaccination rates and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated after sampling weights were adjusted. Results A total of 455 foreign children were investigated, of whom 448 children (98.7%, 95% CI: 98.4% ~ 98.9%) were investigated for card construction. 430 children (96.4%, 95% CI: 95.7% to 96.9%) had at least one vaccination in the field. 305 (77.7%) parents of children received their child’s vaccination due to notification. The main sources of vaccination notification were obstetrics and gynecology hospital (n = 165,47%), migrant population management office (n = 53,30%), village or neighborhood committee cadres (n = 70,22% , 7%). Conclusion Strengthening the survey of migrants effectively promoted the accessibility of vaccination services to the floating population in 3 counties. It is suggested that the management mode of floating population in 3 counties should be extended to the whole province and try to carry out intervention research across the country.