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目的分析我国中药材GAP基地款冬花挥发油的化学成分,并为其质量评价提供科学依据。方法采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取款冬花挥发油,用GC毛细管柱进行分析,归一化法测定其相对含量,并用GC-MS法鉴定化学成分。结果检出259个色谱峰,鉴定出65个化合物,占挥发油总量的84.62%。结论在倍半萜类化合物及其衍生物中,古巴烯(2.36%)、(+)-表双环倍半水芹烯(3.91%)、γ-榄香烯(2.18%)、β-红没药烯(13.93%)、匙叶桉油烯醇(3.44%)等是主要成分,占总挥发油量的25.82%;挥发油其他类化合物中,十一碳烯(4.83%)、(E)-环十一碳烯(8.49%)、双环[10.1.0]十三碳-1-烯(1.45%)、1-十三碳烯(3.44%)、(Z)-7,11-二甲基-3-甲烯基-1,6,10-十二碳三烯(2.66%)、1-十五碳烯(4.57%)、[1R-(1R,4Z,9S)]-4,11,11-三甲基-8-甲烯基-双环[7.2.0]十一碳-4-烯(1.03%)、6,6-二甲基-2-甲烯基-7-(3-氧化丁烯基)oxepan-3-甲基乙酸酯(2.02%)、1,E-11,Z-13-十七碳三烯(3.72%)、(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-十八碳三烯-1-醇(1.85%)、3,7,11-三甲基-十二碳-2,4,6,10-四烯醛(1.31%)、十六碳酸(3.12%)、(Z,Z)-9,12-十八碳二烯酸(2.26%)、(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸甲酯(1.12%)、二十一烷(1.82%)、二十五烷(1.03%)等是主要成分,占总挥发油量的39.15%。
Objective To analyze the chemical constituents of the essential oil of Coltsfoot flowers in Chinese herbal medicine GAP base and provide scientific basis for its quality evaluation. Methods The volatile oil of Coltsfoot was extracted by steam distillation and analyzed by GC capillary column. The relative content was determined by the normalized method. The chemical components were identified by GC-MS. As a result, 259 peaks were detected and 65 compounds were identified, accounting for 84.62% of the total volatile oil. CONCLUSIONS Among the sesquiterpenoids and their derivatives, Cubane (2.36%), (+)-epicycloepremisphelene (3.91%), γ-elemene (2.18%), β-red Phenadiene (13.93%) and cotyledonole (3.44%) are the main components, accounting for 25.82% of the total volatile oil; among the other volatile compounds, undecene (4.83%), (E)-ring Undecylene (8.49%), bicyclo[10.1.0]tridec-1-ene (1.45%), 1-tridecene (3.44%), (Z)-7,11-dimethyl- 3-Methylene-1,6,10-dodecatriene (2.66%), 1-pentacene (4.57%), [1R-(1R,4Z,9S)]-4,11,11 -trimethyl-8-methenyl-bicyclo[7.2.0]undec-4-ene (1.03%), 6,6-dimethyl-2-methylen-7-(3-oxobutyrate) Alkenyl)oxepan-3-methyl acetate (2.02%), 1,E-11,Z-13-heptadetatriene (3.72%), (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15 - octadecatrien-1-ol (1.85%), 3,7,11-trimethyl-dodeca-2,4,6,10-tetraenal (1.31%), hexadecanoic acid (3.12) %), (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid (2.26%), methyl (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid (1.12%) The major components are black and black alkyl (1.82%) and pentacosane (1.03%), accounting for 39.15% of the total volatile oil.