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为了建立火灾工况下有效的竖井通风模式,通过大比例火灾模型试验,对不同通风模式下,主隧道、风道及竖井内温度场的传播分布、烟流蔓延扩散规律进行了研究。试验模型隧道长100 m,内径1.8 m,设有直径1 m的送风竖井、排风竖井各一座。火源采用燃烧床盛放油料模拟,试验中设定了A、B、C三个火灾规模用以模拟实际隧道火灾场景,考虑了三个火灾位置:火灾位置I、II和III。试验结果表明随着通风风速、火灾规模、火灾位置的不同,隧道、通风道及竖井内温度场分布及烟流流动差异很大,而且随着时间的推移,其分布发生显著变化。这表明当隧道中发生火灾时,应根据火灾点与竖井的相对位置分阶段,实施不同的通风模式。基于试验结果,建议了秦岭隧道火灾时的有效通风模式。
In order to establish an effective shaft ventilation mode under fire conditions, the propagation distribution of the temperature field in the main tunnel, air duct and shaft under different ventilation modes and the spread and spread of smoke flow were studied through a large-scale fire model test. Experimental model The tunnel is 100 m long and 1.8 m inside diameter with a 1 m diameter air supply shaft and one exhaust shaft. The fire source uses the combustion bed in full bloom. The three fire scales A, B and C are set in the experiment to simulate the actual tunnel fire scene. Three fire positions are considered: fire position I, II and III. The experimental results show that the distribution of temperature field and the flow of smoke in tunnels, ventilation ducts and shafts are greatly different with the change of ventilation speed, fire scale and fire position, and their distribution changes significantly with the passage of time. This indicates that when a fire occurs in the tunnel, different ventilation modes should be implemented in stages according to the relative positions of the fire point and the shaft. Based on the test results, it is suggested that the effective ventilation mode during Qinling tunnel fire.