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目的分析总结辐射认知现场问卷调查各阶段设计上存在的问题,提高今后问卷调查设计的科学性和可行性。方法总结调查设计、预调查、正式调查及数据录入等设计过程中的问题,针对存在的问题进行探讨分析,找出解决问题的有效途径。现场问卷调查重点考虑了季节、作息时间、人口流动、工厂企业及问卷调查所需时间等因素;利用数据质量控制功能,包括变量取值范围限定、自动跳项、逻辑判断、自动保存等减少表格录入中错误的发生;录完数据后将Ep i-Data数据库转换成STATA数据库,编写程序,对各条记录的逻辑关系与实际情况有明显差异的记录进行筛查,发现问题翻阅原始表格进行核对。结果共调查3 451份辐射认知问卷。抽样方法、样本量及调查方法是根据当地实际情况及调查所需经费等实际情况来确定;对调查员培训及现场问卷质量控制是整个调查的两个关键环节,本次调查员培训合格率100%,应答率87.9%,问卷填写完整率96.4%;问卷录入错误率4.8%。结论问卷调查质量控制在整体设计上须考虑到全程性、全员性及全域性,而不仅仅体现在现场问卷调查环节上。
Objective To analyze and summarize the problems existing in each stage of radiation cognition on-site questionnaire, and to improve the scientific and feasibility of future questionnaire design. Methods Summarize the problems in design process, such as survey design, pre-survey, formal survey and data entry, explore and analyze the existing problems and find effective ways to solve the problems. The questionnaire survey focused on factors such as season, schedule, population flow, factory business and the time required for the questionnaire; using data quality control functions, including reduced range of variable values, automatic jump items, logical judgment, automatic saving and other reduction forms After recording data, convert Ep i-Data database into STATA database, write program, screen the records that have significant differences between the logical relationship of each record and the actual situation, and find the problem and read the original table to check . Results A total of 3 451 radiation cognitive questionnaires were investigated. The sampling method, sample size and survey method are determined according to the actual conditions in the area and the actual needs of the investigation. The training of the investigators and the quality control of the questionnaire are the two key aspects of the survey. The qualification of the investigators training is 100 %, Response rate 87.9%, complete questionnaire fill rate 96.4%; questionnaire input error rate 4.8%. Conclusion The quality control of the questionnaire should take into account the overall design, full membership and global in the overall design, not only in the field questionnaire survey.