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运动导致骨骼肌细胞内的能量平衡状态被破坏,因此,机体恢复与维持能量状态的平衡对运动能力有重要影响,5′-一磷酸腺苷激活的蛋白激酶(5′-AMP activated protein kinase,AMPK)作为细胞内的能量监控器具有这种作用。AMPK在一次性运动中能以强度和时间依赖性方式激活,其机制主要与运动中AMP/ATP比值改变有关,AMP通过3条途径激活AMPK:直接别构激活;使AMPK成为上游激酶的更适底物;阻遏蛋白磷酸酶对AMPK的抑制,ATP与AMP的作用相拮抗。其他能量状态的变化如磷酸肌酸、肌酸、葡萄糖和肌糖原也对AMPK的激活产生影响。阐明运动激活AMPK的分子机制对理解骨骼肌在运动中的能量代谢具有一定意义。
Movement leads to the destruction of the energy balance state in skeletal muscle cells. Therefore, the balance between body recovery and energy state maintenance has a significant impact on motor ability. 5'-AMP activated protein kinase AMPK) has this effect as an intracellular energy monitor. AMPK can be activated in an intensity and time-dependent manner in one-off exercise, and its mechanism is mainly related to the change of AMP / ATP ratio in exercise. AMP activates AMPK through three pathways: direct allosteric activation; making AMPK more suitable for upstream kinase Substrate; repressor protein phosphatase inhibition of AMPK, ATP and AMP antagonism. Changes in other energy states such as creatine phosphate, creatine, glucose, and muscle glycogen also affect AMPK activation. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of exercise-activated AMPK is of significance in understanding the energy metabolism of skeletal muscle during exercise.