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目的：探讨左卡尼汀对急性心肌梗死大鼠TNF-α, TGF-β1, NF-κB的影响。方法结扎大鼠冠状动脉前降支制作梗死大鼠模型，随机分成3组：假手术组（Sham）、心肌梗死模型组（1 mL/d）、左卡尼汀治疗组40 mg/（kg·d）。2周后，ELISA法检测各组血清中TNF-α, TGF-β1, NF-κB含量，RT-PCR分别检测心肌组织TNF-α, TGF-β1, NF-κB在mRNA和蛋白水平的表达。结果在血清检测中，相对模型组表达水平，左卡尼汀治疗组中NF-κB，TNF-α的浓度均明显降低（P<0.05），而TGF-β1有降低趋势但无统计学意义；在心肌组织检测中，相对于模型组表达水平，左卡尼汀治疗组心肌组织中TNF-α, TGF-β1, NF-κB mRNA 3者的表达均下调，差异明显（P<0.05）。结论左卡尼汀能够通过降低急性心肌梗死大鼠在血清和心肌组织中的TNF-α,NF-κB表达水平，并降低TGF-β1在组织中的表达水平来发挥其心肌保护作用。“,”Objective To study the effects of levocarnitine (Le) on the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods 30 rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups: AMI model group undergoing operation to cause AMI and then given normal saline 1 ml by Intraperitoneal injection once daily, Le group undergoing operation to cause AMI and then given Le 40 mg/kg by Intraperitoneal injection once daily,and sham group undergoing sham operation and then Intraperitoneal injection of NS 1 ml once a day. Two weeks later the rats were killed with some myocardial tissue taken out to undergo examination. Blood samples were collected from the atria. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to test the levels of serum protein expression of TNF-α,TGF-β1, and NF-κB. RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of TNF-α,TGF-β1, NF-κB in t myocardial tissue . Results The protein expression levels of TNF-α,TGF-β1, and NF-κB in the serum of the AMI and Le groups were all significantly higher than those of the sham group (all P<0.05);and the protein expression levels of TNF-α,and NF-κB in the serum of the Le group were all significantly lower than those of the AMI group (all P<0.05). However, although the serum protein expression level of TGF-β1 of the Le group was lower than those of the AMI and sham groups, but the differences were not significant.The mRNA expression levels in the myocardial tissue of the AMI and Le groups were all significantly higher than those of the sham group (all P<0.05). The mRNA expression levels of TNF-α,TGF-β1, and NF-κB mRNA in the myocatdial tissues of the Le group were all significantly lower than those of thr AMI group (all P<0.05). Conclusion Levocarnitine effectively decreases the raising of expression of TNF-αduring AMI.