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目的了解和掌握外来非疫区流动人员在湖沼垸内型高度流行区血吸虫病感染情况和对相关知识态度及其影响因素,以便为制定和采取针对性防制对策和措施提供科学依据。方法对外来非疫区务工人员进行问卷调查和血清免疫学检查;采取大众媒介结合人际传播技能培训方式,向目标人群开展血防知识宣教和对象治疗与扩大化疗等措施干预2年后,再次采用干预前问卷调查和病情调查相同的方法进行效果评价。结果血防健康教育干预后,目标人群的血防知识知晓率、卫生行为正确率和查治病依从率分别上升了166.96%、83.21%和106.90%,血吸虫阳性率下降80.67%。结论外来非疫区务工人员是血吸虫病高度流行区的易感人群。健康教育干预,有利于目标人群提高对血吸虫病防病知识和自我保健意识,有利于查治病依从性和主动性的提高,有利于流行区控制传播和防治成果的巩固。
Objective To understand and master the prevalence of schistosomiasis in the endemic areas of embankments in the non-pest free areas and the related knowledge, attitudes and influencing factors so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating and adopting targeted measures and measures for prevention and control. Methods Questionnaires and serum immunological tests were conducted on migrant workers in non-epidemic-affected areas. Two years after interventions such as blood-borne knowledge education, object-oriented treatment and expansion of chemotherapy were carried out by using the mass media and interpersonal communication skills training methods, interventions were again adopted The former questionnaire and disease investigation the same way to evaluate the effect. Results After the prevention of blood-borne health education intervention, the awareness rate of blood-borne knowledge, the correct rate of hygiene behavior and the compliance rate of investigation and treatment increased by 166.96%, 83.21% and 106.90% respectively, and the positive rate of schistosomes decreased by 80.67%. Conclusion The workers in the non-endemic areas are susceptible to schistosomiasis in a highly endemic area. Health education intervention is conducive to the target population to improve awareness of schistosomiasis prevention and awareness of self-care is conducive to investigating the compliance and initiative to improve the disease is conducive to epidemic control spread and the consolidation of prevention and treatment results.