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三、如何把小农的私人生产和私人占有变为合作社的生产和占有这是一个关于把个体经济改造成为社会主义集体经济的问题。这个问题和前一个问题有一个联系,即小生产和资本主义比较,小生产是更大的祸害,因此,在一定时期和一定范围内,我们必须承认资本主义,利用资本主义来提高社会生产力。但资本主义不是个体经济发展的方向,我们不能用资本主义生产来代替小生产。那末,无产阶级怎样引导个体经济,既能摆脱小生产又能摆脱资本主义的发展方向,逐步走上社会主义的光明大道呢? 1894年11月,恩格斯在“法德农民问题”一文中说:“第一,法国纲领的原理是绝对正确的:我们预见到小农必然灭亡,但我们无论如何不要以自己
How to Turn the Private Sector Production and Private Ownership into the Production and Possession of Cooperatives This is a question about transforming the individual economy into a socialist collective economy. There is a connection between this issue and the previous one. Small-scale production is a greater scourge than small-scale production. Therefore, for a certain period of time and to a certain extent, we must recognize capitalism and use capitalism to increase social productivity. However, capitalism is not the direction of individual economic development. We can not substitute capitalist production for small-scale production. How can the proletariat guide the individual economy to get rid of the small-scale production and get rid of the development direction of capitalism and gradually embark on the bright road to socialism? In November 1894, Engels said in the article entitled “The Problem of France and Germany in Peasants: ”First, the principle of the French program is absolutely correct: we foresee that the small peasants will inevitably perish, but we shall not in any case regard ourselves as