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为了观察湘潭市新生儿乙型肝炎 (乙肝 )疫苗免疫接种后血清乙肝病毒 (HBV)标志物的变化趋势 ,2 0 0 0年 6月采取整群随机抽样方法对该市市区 1985年 4月～ 1999年 12月出生的新生儿进行横断面调查 ,采血检测乙肝病毒表面抗原 (HBsAg)和抗体 (抗 -HBs)及乙肝病毒核心抗体 (抗 -HBc)。共调查≤ 15岁人群 30 0 5名 ,乙肝疫苗接种率为 95 9% ;各年龄组HBsAg阳性率为 0 5 9%～ 1 83% (平均阳性率为 1 2 0 % ) ,HBV流行率为 2 4 %～ 7 0 %(平均为 4 5 % ) ,均比实施免疫接种前明显下降。全程免疫后 <1岁儿童抗 -HBs阳性率最高 ,此后随着年龄的增长而逐渐降低 ,但 14～ 15岁人群中仍有 33 8%的人其抗 -HBs值 >10 0mIU/ml,且HBV流行率无明显的变化。表明实施大规模新生儿乙肝疫苗免疫接种 ,并保持较高的接种率 ,是控制HBV感染最有效的措施
In order to observe the trend of serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers after immunization of neonates with hepatitis B vaccine in Xiangtan City, a cluster random sampling method was adopted in June 2000 to study the changes of serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) Newborns born in December 1999 were investigated by cross-sectional examination. Blood samples were collected for the detection of HBsAg and anti-HBs and hepatitis B virus (anti-HBc) antibodies. A total of 30 0 5 people aged ≤ 15 years were enrolled. The vaccination rate of hepatitis B was 95 9%. The positive rates of HBsAg in all age groups ranged from 0 59% to 1 83% (average positive rate was 120%). The prevalence of HBV was 24% ~ 70% (an average of 45%), than before the implementation of immunization significantly decreased. The anti-HBs positive rate was highest in children <1 year old after immunization and then gradually decreased with age. However, 33.8% of the 14-15-year-olds had anti-HBs value of> 10 mlU / ml and No significant change in the prevalence of HBV. That the implementation of large-scale neonatal hepatitis B vaccine immunization, and to maintain a high vaccination rate is the most effective measures to control HBV infection