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赴欧美之前,先考察中国19世纪40和50年代,在帝国主义的入侵下,中国和日本被迫开辟大量通商口岸和城市,同美英法等国签订通商条约,两国贸易陷入窘境。自19世纪50年代后期开始,日本幕府(中央统治机构)和诸藩(地方势力)积极寻求解救经济危机的办法。一些幕府大员认为必须加强同中国的贸易。虽然日本和中国自古以来就互为主要贸易对象,两国却没有
Before going to Europe and the United States, I first looked into China in the 1940s and 1950s. Under the imperialist invasion, China and Japan were forced to open up a large number of ports of commerce and cities and signed trade treaties with other countries like the United States, Britain and France. The trade between the two countries was in a dilemma. Since the late 1950s, the Japanese shogunates (central government agencies) and feudal clan (local forces) have actively sought solutions to the economic crisis. Some shoguntees believe it necessary to strengthen trade with China. Although Japan and China have been major trade partners with each other since ancient times, the two countries did not