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东欧国家目前正在进行一场规模巨大的从计划经济转向市场经济的试验,这场试验必将对人类社会21世纪的发展产生重大的影响。西方经济学家认为,在计划经济与市场经济之间,是一个危险的雷区。计划经济是以权力为杠杆的行政命令体制,市场经济是以金钱为主导的自由竞争体制。在市场经济中,价格是经济活动的目标指示器,企业的奋斗目标是利润;而在计划经济中,上级的指示是企业行动的准则,企业领导人最主要的工作目标是获得上级机关的好评。这两种体制按照各自的运转规则都能正常工作。但当从一种体制转向另一种体制时,两套经济运行规则将同时发挥作用,或者两者都不起作
Eastern European countries are currently conducting a massive test from a planned economy to a market economy, which will surely have a major impact on the development of human society in the 21st century. Western economists think that there is a dangerous minefield between the planned economy and the market economy. The planned economy is a power-based administrative order system, and the market economy is a money-led free competition system. In the market economy, the price is the target indicator of economic activity, and the goal of the enterprise is profit. In the planned economy, the instruction of the superior is the guideline of the enterprise’s action. The most important goal of the enterprise leaders is to obtain the praise of the higher authority . Both systems work according to their own rules of operation. But when moving from one system to another, two sets of rules for economic functioning will work at the same time, or neither will work