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在钻孔电磁波法应用实际中，到目前为止，未认真考虑地表空气界面存在的问题。事实上，这是一个物性差异较大的界面。由于这一界面的存在，通过钻孔在地下传播的电磁波能量将重新分配，而发生波的反射和形成沿界面传播的“侧面波”。这些波的幅值和相位受空气和界面以下的介质性质影响，在一定的条件下，它们可以传入较深的部位，与直达波迭加
In the practical application of the drilling electromagnetic wave method, so far, the problems of the surface air interface are not seriously considered. In fact, this is a very different interface with different properties. As a result of this interface, the energy of electromagnetic waves propagating underground through boreholes will be redistributed with the reflection of waves and the formation of “side waves” that propagate along the interface. The amplitude and phase of these waves are affected by the properties of the medium below the air and the interface, and under certain conditions they can be transmitted into deeper areas,