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目的初步探讨2岁以下儿童母乳喂养时间与营养不良之间的关系,为进一步研究二者之间的关联程度提出病因假设。方法采用WHO制定的儿童生长参考标准对营养不良进行评价,单因素分析采用单因素Logistic回归分析,多因素分析采用多因素Logistic回归,对调查时已经断奶的婴幼儿的母乳喂养时间与HAZ评分和WAZ评分进行相关分析,采用Pearson积差相关系数。结果控制住混杂因素影响后,母乳喂养时间在6～12月的发生生长迟缓的风险为6月以下的0.142倍(P=0.026),超过12月的为6月以下的0.184倍(P=0.035)。母乳喂养时间在6～12月的发生低体重的风险为6月以下的0.126倍(P=0.035)。母乳喂养时间与HAZ评分的相关系数r=-0.189,P=0.007;母乳喂养时间与WAZ评分的相关系数r=-0.192,P=0.006。结论母乳喂养时间可能与儿童营养状况有关,需要进行前瞻性研究,进一步证实二者之间的关联程度。
Objective To investigate the relationship between breastfeeding time and malnutrition in children under 2 years old, and to put forward the etiological hypothesis to further study the correlation between them. Methods The malnutrition was evaluated by reference standard of WHO, the univariate logistic regression analysis and the multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between breastfeeding time, HAZ score, WAZ score correlation analysis, using Pearson product correlation coefficient. Results After controlling for the influence of confounding factors, the risk of postprandial growth was 0.142 times lower than that of June (P = 0.026) and 0.184 times lower than that of December (P = 0.035) ). The risk of low birth weight during breastfeeding from June to December was 0.126 times (P = 0.035) below June. The correlation coefficient between breastfeeding time and HAZ score was r = -0.189, P = 0.007. The correlation coefficient between breastfeeding time and WAZ score was r = -0.192, P = 0.006. Conclusion Breastfeeding time may be related to children’s nutritional status, and prospective studies are needed to further confirm the correlation between the two.