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从着眼于搞活每个企业,转向着眼于搞活整个国有经济,加大资产存量调整力度,扶持优势企业,淘汰落后企业,优化经济结构,发挥国有经济的整体优势,这是我国国有企业改革战略上一个重大的转变。本文对实行这一转变的必然性和重要性以及当前的思路和举措,谈一些认识。 一、着眼于从整体上搞活国有经济,调整资产存量结构的必然性和重要性 第一、市场经济规律决定了必须着眼于从整体上搞活国有经济。 市场竞争中,企业有生有死,这主要取决于两个因素:一是企业所在产业的生命周期或产业发展阶段。随着消费结构的变化和科技的进步,一些传统的产业走过了成长期、成熟期之后会进入衰退期,而变成“夕阳”产业。而另一些产业则进入了成长期、成熟期,显示出较强的竞争能力。二是企业的管理水平,这主要取决于企业家的能力。而优秀企业家是一种最稀缺的经济资源。企业一旦拥有这种资源,就会兴旺发达,反之,企业就会陷入困境,在市场竞争中被淘汰。
From the perspective of invigorating each enterprise, we must focus on invigorating the entire state-owned economy, increase the adjustment of asset stocks, support dominant enterprises, eliminate backward companies, optimize economic structure, and give full play to the advantages of the state-owned economy. This is the strategy for the reform of state-owned enterprises in China. A major change. This article talks about the necessity and importance of implementing this transformation and the current thinking and measures. First, we must focus on the inevitability and importance of restructuring the asset stock structure as a whole to invigorate the state-owned economy. First, the law of market economy determines that we must focus on invigorating the state-owned economy as a whole. In the market competition, enterprises have their lives and deaths, which mainly depends on two factors: First, the life cycle of the industry where the company is located or the stage of industrial development. With the changes in the consumption structure and the advancement in science and technology, some traditional industries have gone through a period of growth and maturity and will enter a recession period and become a “sunset” industry. Other industries have entered into growth and maturity periods, showing strong competitiveness. The second is the management level of the enterprise, which mainly depends on the ability of the entrepreneur. And excellent entrepreneurs are one of the most scarce economic resources. Once an enterprise owns such resources, it will thrive. Conversely, enterprises will be in trouble and will be eliminated in the market competition.