老年妇女的内分泌变化

• 作 者: 张以文
• 机 构: 北京协和医院 (100730)
• 出 处: 实用妇科与产科杂志
• 发表日期: 1993年01期
• 关键词: 绝经年龄 内分泌 育龄妇女 海拔高度 卵巢 退化性 更年期 功能衰退 围绝经期 雌激素

1 卵巢功能衰退老年妇女与育龄妇女相比,在内分泌方面以卵巢功能的衰退变化最突出,结果是生育能力丧失及雌激素水平低落,导致绝经及一系列退化性改变。这一过程历时约1～5年,称为更年期或围绝经期。其起点及时限无明确的时间标志,但绝经年龄可准确断定。我国妇女平均绝经年龄城市为49.5岁,农村为47.5岁。经济、营养、人种、生活地区的气候与海拔高度等皆可影响绝经年龄。嗜烟可使绝经年龄提早。

1 Ovarian dysfunction in elderly women Compared with women of childbearing age, the decay of ovarian function in the endocrine changes the most prominent, the result is the loss of fertility and estrogen levels, leading to menopause and a series of degenerative changes. This process lasted about 1 to 5 years, known as menopause or menopause. The starting point and time limit without a clear time mark, but the exact age of menopause can be concluded. The average age of women in our country is 49.5 for men and 47.5 for rural areas. Economic, nutritional, ethnical, climate and altitude in the living area all affect the age of menopause. Smoking can make menopause age earlier.