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焊接是管线建设的关键技术之一,随着我国管线钢的快速发展,越来越需要匹配的焊接技术来满足管线的建设。分析了激光焊在管道焊接中的优缺点,并采用高功率激光焊接设备,对板厚为16 mm的X52管线钢进行焊接,X射线探伤检测焊缝无裂纹,采用光学显微镜分析了焊接接头的焊缝结晶特性和微观组织。根据美国石油学会标准API SPEC 5L管线钢规范,对焊接接头进行了力学性能试验。结果表明:焊接接头的抗拉强度达480 MPa,断于母材;180°接头弯曲未出现裂纹;-20℃焊缝金属冲击韧性CVN=279 J,熔合区冲击韧性CVN=282 J,热影响区冲击韧性CVN=212 J,焊接接头的最大硬度分布在焊缝下部,为270 HV左右。研究表明,各项性能均满足管线钢焊接的要求。
Welding is one of the key technologies in pipeline construction. With the rapid development of China’s pipeline steel, more and more welding technologies are needed to meet the pipeline construction. The advantages and disadvantages of laser welding in pipe welding were analyzed. High-power laser welding equipment was used to weld X52 pipeline steel with a thickness of 16 mm. X-ray flaw detection was used to test the weld without cracks. Optical microscopy was used to analyze the weld joint Weld crystallization characteristics and microstructure. According to the American Petroleum Institute standard API SPEC 5L pipeline steel specifications, the mechanical properties of welded joints were tested. The results show that the tensile strength of the welded joint reaches 480 MPa and breaks off at the base metal. No cracks appear on the 180 ° joint. The impact toughness of the weld metal at -20 ℃ is CVN = 279 J, and the impact toughness of the welded zone is CVN = 282 J. Zone impact toughness CVN = 212 J, the maximum hardness distribution of welded joints in the lower part of the weld, about 270 HV. The research shows that all the performances meet the requirements of pipeline steel welding.