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骆驼井水源地位于鄂尔多斯盆地西缘,连接宁夏与内蒙古自治区。该研究区气候干旱且生态脆弱,地下水开采将夺取部分维持生态环境的水量。因此,以北大池闭流区为研究范围,该文提出了考虑生态因子敏感性的骆驼井水源地可开采量评价模型。并采用了参数最优化方法反演了降水入渗系数和含水层渗透系数,将北大池湖滩面积、基流量、地下水蒸发量和含水层贮量作为生态敏感因子。根据20年长期开采条件下的模拟结果,分析了各开采方案下的生态因子敏感性。结果表明:骆驼井水源地的最大可允许开采量为0.11×108m3/a。该开采量可使北大池湖滩面积维持在天然面积的85%以上,地下水蒸发总量的衰减幅度不超过3%,且不会显著影响当地生态环境。
Camel well water source is located in the western edge of Ordos Basin, connecting Ningxia and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The study area is arid and ecologically fragile, and groundwater exploitation will capture some of the water that sustains the environment. Therefore, taking the North Paleo-Curvilinear flow closure area as the research area, this paper proposes a model to evaluate the recoverable amount of camel’s well water source considering the sensitivity of ecological factors. The parameter optimization method was used to retrieve the coefficient of precipitation infiltration and the permeability coefficient of aquifer. The area, base flow, groundwater evaporation and aquifer storage of Beidaichi Lake beach were taken as ecological sensitive factors. Based on the simulation results under 20 years of long-term exploitation conditions, the ecological factor sensitivity of each mining scheme was analyzed. The results show that the maximum allowable production of camel water source is 0.11 × 108m3 / a. The amount of exploitation can make the area of Beidaichi Lake Beach more than 85% of the natural area and the total amount of groundwater evaporation less than 3%, and will not significantly affect the local ecological environment.