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1、前言所谓超导状态是在超低温条件下,电子两个两个成对地在电阻为零的导体内移动的现象。在两个超导体之间即使加上一层薄的绝缘层,或者在一个超导体中间形成一个狭窄的收缩区,它们之间也有超导电流流通。在它们上面一加上电压就有交流电流产生,这种现象叫做约瑟夫逊效应。约瑟夫逊结以磁通量子为单位(2.07×10~(-16)Wb)对磁通产生响应。超导量子干涉计—SQUID(Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices)经常被作为高灵敏变磁传感器使用。我国从1970年
1, the preface The so-called superconducting state is in the ultra-low temperature conditions, the electronic two in two pairs of resistance in the conductor movement of zero phenomenon. Superconducting current flows between the two superconductors even if a thin insulating layer is added between them or a narrow constriction is formed in the middle of a superconductor. There is an ac current in the voltage applied to them, a phenomenon called the Josephson effect. The Josephson junction responds to the magnetic flux in units of flux (2.07 × 10 ~ (-16) Wb). Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SQUID) are often used as sensitive sensors. Our country from 1970