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用粉末冶金方法制备Ni-Cr基自润滑复合材料,研究了固体润滑剂MoS_2和石墨对复合材料的机械性能和摩擦学性能的影响。结果表明,随着MoS_2含量的增加,复合材料的显微硬度明显降低;MoS_2添加量从10%(质量分数,下同)增加到15%,复合材料摩擦系数和磨损率的变化并不明显。随着石墨含量的增加,复合材料的显微硬度呈逐渐降低的趋势,在400℃和800℃的摩擦系数呈升高趋势,石墨添加量为10%时室温摩擦系数最小。同时添加5%MoS_2和10%石墨时,复合材料的摩擦系数保持在0.48-0.65,石墨与MoS_2之间存在着协同效应,但是磨损率比添加单一润滑剂时高一个数量级。
The Ni-Cr-based self-lubricating composites were prepared by powder metallurgy and the effects of MoS 2 and graphite on the mechanical and tribological properties of the composites were studied. The results show that with the increase of MoS 2 content, the microhardness of the composites decreases obviously. The addition of MoS 2 increases from 10% to 15%. The friction coefficient and wear rate of the composites do not change obviously. With the increase of graphite content, the microhardness of composites decreased gradually, the friction coefficient increased at 400 ℃ and 800 ℃, and the friction coefficient at room temperature was the lowest when graphite content was 10%. When 5% MoS 2 and 10% graphite are added simultaneously, the friction coefficient of the composite remains at 0.48-0.65. There is a synergistic effect between graphite and MoS 2, but the wear rate is an order of magnitude higher than when a single lubricant is added.