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目的：探讨10F胸管行胸腔闭式引流治疗自发性气胸的效果。方法：对本院行胸腔闭式引流的182例自发性气胸患者进行回顾性分析。病例根据胸管管径不同分成10F管组92例及26F管组90例，分析比较两组肺复张时间、引流时间、治愈率、胸管堵塞率及并发症。结果：10F管组及26F管组平均肺复张时间、平均引流时间比较P＞0.05；两组并发症发生率统计学处理P＞0.05。结论：10F胸管治疗自发性气胸是一种安全、有效、并发症少且操作简便的方法，值得临床推广应用。“,”objective: To investigate the treatment effects of closed thoracic drainage with 10F chest tube on patients with spontaneous pneumothorax. Methods: 182 patients who suffered from pneumothorax were treated by closed thoracic drainage were analyzed retrospectively. The cases were divided into two groups: 10F chest tube group of 92 patients and 26F chest tube group of 90 patients, and the cure rate、the pulmonary redilatation time、the chest tube duration、the chest contamination rate and complications of the two groups were analyzed and compared. Results: The average pulmonary dilatation time and the mean retain duration of chest tube of the 10F tube group and the 26F tube was compared (P0.05). Conclusion: The treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax through the thoracic closed drainage of the 10F chest tube is a satisfied remedy with few complications and is easy to operate.