味道能否充饥?

• 机 构: 科学松鼠会,
• 出 处: 新科幻(科学阅读版)
• 发表日期: 2012年07期
• 关键词: 饱足感 神经信号 固体食物 不知道 丁酸乙酯 科学松鼠会 进食量

很多人有这样的经验:狼吞虎咽需要吃很多才能感觉到饱,而细嚼慢咽却可以在吃得比较少的时候就感觉饱了。荷兰进行的一项研究找到了这个因素之外的机理:咀嚼产生的味道,也能够产生饱足感。人们看到一盘食物,会“闻到”它的气味。这是因为一些挥发性的分子通过鼻子进入鼻腔,刺激嗅觉细胞,产生了这些分子特有的神经信号,传送到大脑从而感知到了它们的“气味”。这种感知被称为“常规嗅觉”。

Many people have this experience: gobble need to eat a lot to feel full, but chewing can eat less time to feel full. A study in the Netherlands found a mechanism other than this one: the taste of chewing produces enough satiety. People see a plate of food that “smells” of it. This is because some of the volatile molecules through the nose into the nasal cavity, stimulate the olfactory cells, produce these molecules specific nerve signals, sent to the brain to perceive their “smell.” This perception is called “normal smell ”.