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以西南地区普通白粒小麦绵阳26和川麦107为对照,研究了蓝粒和紫粒小麦籽粒发育进程中花色素、黑色素、总黄酮质量分数及相关酶(PAL,TRO,PPO,POD)活性的动态变化.结果表明,在籽粒发育进程中,(1)蓝紫粒小麦籽粒花色素质量分数呈先升后减的变化趋势,在开花后29d,质量分数达到最高;(2)蓝紫粒小麦籽粒黑色素质量分数随着种子的发育一直升高;(3)籽粒总黄酮的变化趋势先上升后呈缓慢下降趋势,除黑麦76在开花后36d质量分数达到最高外,其他参试小麦都在发育的22d左右达到最大值;(4)籽粒PAL活性的变化趋势与花色素的变化趋势相同,都先升后减,在开花后29d,活性达到最高;(5)籽粒TRO,PPO,POD活性变化趋势大体一致,都是先升后减,峰值出现在开花后29d;(6)在籽粒发育的各个时期,蓝紫粒小麦的花色素、黑色素、总黄酮质量分数和相关酶活性均高于普通白粒对照小麦,且紫粒小麦的花色素、黑色素、总黄酮质量分数和相关酶活性均高于蓝粒小麦,说明花色素、黑色素、总黄酮质量分数与小麦籽粒颜色密切相关,其色素质量分数越高,籽粒颜色越深;且PAL与花色素呈正相关,TRO,PPO,POD与黑色素呈正相关.此外,PAL对黑色素形成也有一定的影响.
The activities of anthocyanidin, melanin, total flavonoids and related enzymes (PAL, TRO, PPO, POD) in the process of grain development of blue and purple wheat were studied with the common wheat of Mianyang 26 and Chuanmai 107 in Southwest China. The results showed that in the process of grain development, (1) the anthocyanidin content of blue purple wheat grains increased first and then decreased, and reached its peak 29 days after flowering; (2) (3) The trend of total flavonoids in kernels showed a slow downward trend at first, except for the highest mass fraction of rye 76 on the 36th day after flowering, the other tested wheat (P <0.05). (4) The trend of PAL activity in grains had the same trend as that of anthocyanidins, all of them increased first and then decreased and reached their maximum at 29 days after flowering. (5) The activities of TRO, PPO and POD (6) The contents of anthocyanidins, melanin, total flavonoids and related enzymes in blue purple wheat were all high at different stages of grain development Common white grain control wheat, and small purple particles The contents of anthocyanidin, melanin, total flavonoids and related enzymes in wheat were higher than that in blue-wheed wheat, indicating that the contents of anthocyanidin, melanin and total flavonoids were closely related to the color of wheat grain. The higher the pigment content, the darker the kernel color There was a positive correlation between PAL and anthocyanidin, and a positive correlation between TRO, PPO, POD and melanin.In addition, PAL also had a certain influence on the formation of melanin.